Irfan Ahmed, PhD

Organizational culture and team development have become more and crucial with the development of globalization and virtual organizations (Wang, 2006). In the recent years, teams and interpersonal relationship are becoming more and more important HR factors for organizational effectiveness of technological innovations (Wang and Mobley, 1999).   There is a challenge of balancing the culture of openness and knowledge-sharing with the need to appropriate knowledge as intellectual property (Mason & Pauleen 2003). For advanced global companies, employee development is a pillar of the enterprise-value framework, equal in importance to shareholder support or customer loyalty. Retaining talent is identified as a key business priority for all the companies surveyed by World Economic Forum (Manardo, 2008). Global firms are increasingly using Internet – IT related technologies to enable and necessitate the use of virtual teams around the world to solve complex global problems and foster bo...

International Economic Integration International economic integration refers to the extent and strength of real- sector and financial-sector linkages among national economies. Real-sector linkages occur through the international transactions in goods and services while the financial-sector linkages occur through international transactions in financial assets. Sources for Integration —   To seek new markets. —   To seek new supplies of raw materials. —   To gain new technologies. —   To gain production efficiencies. —   To avoid political and regulatory obstacles. —   To reduce risk by diversification. Henry Lowenfeld, 1909 “It is significant to see how entirely all the rest of the Geographically Distributed stocks differ in their price movements from the British stock.   It is this individuality of movement on the part of each security, included in a well-distributed Investment List, which ensures the first great essential of successful investment, nam...

Business, economics and society are changing at an extraordinary speed. To succeed, all of us - including our leaders and managers - need to learn faster, think smarter and break free of confining assumptions and old attitudes (James, 1996). Globalization seeks anticipatory leaders. Anticipatory leaders consistently demonstrate three skills (Savage and Sales, 2008): As futurists, they inform themselves about a wide range of current events and trends. As strategists, they hone their understanding of the opportunities and threats that these shifts present. As integrators of ideas, beliefs and emotions they continually engage with the people of their organizations, identifying opportunities and aligning resources toward common objectives. If we talk on the context of globalization, then in a global market environment an organization can no longer be looked at as a static concept (Chaharbaghi and Nugent, 1996). Organizations have to develop an environment where the people can think globall...